Cov ntsiab lus ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm ultrasonic homogenizers yog raws li cov ultrasonic cavitation cov nyhom. Thaum high - zaus ultrasonic vuag (feem ntau ntawm 20khz) ua rau cov kua nruab nrab, muaj ntau ntawm cov npuas me me (cavitation npuas) yog tsim tawm hauv cov kua. Cov npuas no tau nthuav ntau thaum lub siab tsis zoo ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm Ultrasonic nthwv dej thiab tam sim ntawd ua tiav thaum lub sijhawm siab siab. Qhov kev tso cai tshaj tawm no tsis tshua muaj zog hauv zos (qhov chaw sov hauv zos tuaj yeem ncav ntau pua ntawm cov nthwv dej tsis muaj zog, microJets, thiab cua hlob.
Hauv cov ntawv thov kev ua haujlwm, cov hluav taws xob tso tawm muaj ntau cov kev sib txuam ntawm cov roj av: Ua ntej, kev sib zog ua ke ntawm cov roj asphaltenes thiab colloids) hauv cov roj, txo cov roj, txo kev sib xyaw kev sib xyaw. Thib ob, lub microjets tuaj yeem kua muag sib cais ua ruaj khov nruab nrab ntawm cov roj thiab dej emulsions, txhawb nqa roj - dej sib cais. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cavitation nyhav thiab impurities los ntawm cov raj nplaim hluav taws xob, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov khoom siv kev thaiv. Nws yog precisely cov xeeb ceem ntawm "feem ntau lub cev ua haujlwm thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg" uas muab cov roj ntsha ua kom ultrasonic uas nyuaj rau kev sib tw nrog cov thev naus laus zis tsoosvicies.
2. Cov ntawv thov cov xwm txheej ntawm ultrasonic homogenizers hauv cov roj ua
Cov yam ntxwv technical ntawm ultrasonic homogenizers pab kom lawv npog qhov tseem ceeb ua ke nrog tag nrho cov roj ntau lawm saw, los ntawm kev rho tawm thiab tsheb thauj mus los kom rov ua haujlwm. Cov hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txheeb xyuas ntawm peb qho kev thov cov xwm txheej:
2.1 crude roj extraction thiab kev thauj mus los: Ua kom muaj viscosity txo thiab kev thauj mus los ruaj khov
Kev rho tawm thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov roj siab (xws li roj roj heev thiab roj khov rau cov roj loj hauv kev lag luam roj. Vim tias qhov kev sib txuam ntawm asphaltenes, resins, thiab waxes, lub viscosity ntawm cov roj crude tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau txhiab tus neeg lossis lub siab txog ntau txhiab tus MPA of Mpa a. Traditional transportation methods require heating (which consumes a lot of energy) or adding chemical viscosity reducers (which are prone to environmental pollution) to reduce viscosity, resulting in significant cost and environmental pressures.
Ultrasonic homogenizers ua tiav cov viscire tawm ntawm cov cavitation nyhom. Firstly, siab - zaus kev zom cov qauv kev sib txawv ntawm cov roj av loj hauv cov roj av, txo kev sib xyaw ua ke. Thib ob, lub zos siab kub siab tsim los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cavitation tuaj yeem ua rau cov roj crude, tiv thaiv lawv cov raj xa khoom tawm thiab txhaws. Cov ntaub ntawv siv tau qhia tias thaum ultrasonic homogenizers siv hauv cov roj roj hnyav, cov roj av nyoos tuaj yeem txo los ntawm 30% - 60% thiab kev hloov pauv siab los ntawm 20% - 35%. Qhov kev tshem tawm no yuav tsum muaj tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj lom neeg, txo kev siv hluav taws xob thiab zam kev muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhim kho me ultrasonic homogenizers ntawm cov roj roj crude tuaj yeem txhim kho kom haum los ntawm cov khoom lag luam qis los ntawm cov khoom lag luam qis -
2.2 Cov roj rho tawm roj: demulsification thiab sib cais los txhim kho cov roj av muaj txiaj ntsig zoo
Thaum cov roj crude tau muab rho tawm los ntawm kev tsim, nws feem ntau yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej (tsim cov roj - dej emulsion). Cov dej no tsis yog nce nqi thauj mus los tab sis kuj corrodes khoom thaum txuas ntxiv ntxiv, cuam tshuam cov khoom lag luam zoo. Yog li ntawd, roj hmab qhuav roj yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv cov roj ua. Tsoos cov roj lub cev nqus dej (xws li cov tshuaj kom ua kom huv, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg tsawg, thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tsawg, thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntau. Lub ultrasonic homogenizer tus demulsification thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus relies rau lub cavitation cov nyhuv, uas cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm cov emulsion. Lub sij hawm dispersed (dej ntws) hauv cov roj - Dej emulsion yog coated nrog surfacial membrane (muaj ntawm surnaltenes thiab colloids), uas yog qhov nyuaj rau kev so siv cov qauv qub. Qhov poob siab tsis txaus thiab microjets tsim los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov tee dej sib tsoo, ua rau cov dej ntws los ntawm cov roj av loj, ua rau cov roj av loj los ntawm cov roj crude nyob rau hauv lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Piv rau cov txheej txheem huab cua, ultrasonic homogenizers tuaj yeem nce cov roj av uas muaj kev txuag dej ntawm lub cev dej uas muaj dej khov ntawm cov roj av hauv qab no 0.5% (ntsib cov qauv kev lag luam). Qhov kev tshem tawm no tau tshem tawm cov demulsifiers, txo lub nra rau kev kho kom ua ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuab no tseem tsim nyog rau qhov nyuaj - - Kho Kom Zoo Dua Tom Qab Ntev Lawm Tom Qab Ntev Lawm Tom Qab Ntev), hais txog kev ua cov lag luam ntawm cov thev naus laus zis.
2.3. Roj av ua kom zoo nkauj: tsim kev hloov pauv thiab txhim kho cov khoom yields
Nyob rau hauv Petroleum kho cov txheej txheem (xws li catalytic cracking thiab hydrotreing), cov kev sib xws ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thiab cov khoom zoo. Ultrasonic homogenizers tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov kev hauv qab no:
2.3.1 Pub Khoom Noj Ua Ntej: Ultrasonic Cavitation Sloks Cov Coke Hais thiab Nws Yog Tus Hlau Liam thiab Vanadium thiab Vanadium Imfurity Aggregates (tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm clogging catalyst hws thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej catalyst. Ultrasonic homogenizers kuj niaj hnub sib xyaw cov feedstock thiab catalyst, nce catalytic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thaj tsam thiab kev txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm.
2.3.2 Cov Khoom Siv Khoom Muag: Thaum lub sijhawm ua kom cov roj ntawm lubricating roj (xws li lwm cov khoom lag luam, thiab lwm yam khoom, txhim kho cov khoom pom meej thiab ruaj khov. Txuas ntxiv, ultrasonic homogenizers txhawb kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom sib txawv (xws li antioxidant thiab xab npum) thoob plaws hauv cov roj, txhim kho cov khoom lag luam, txhim kho cov khoom lag luam. Ib rooj plaub ntawm daim ntawv kho kom zoo nkauj uas txhim kho cov txheej txheem ultrasonic txuas ntxiv los ntawm 2%, thiab cov khoom siv txo qis ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam.
As the oil industry transitions toward green, efficient, and low-cost processes, ultrasonic homogenizers, with their unique cavitation technology, offer innovative solutions for key processes such as crude oil viscosity reduction, demulsification and dehydration, and refining pretreatment. Qhov no tsis yog hais txog qhov mob ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tab sis kuj muab kev txhawb nqa muaj zog rau kev txo tus nqi, kev txuag hluav taws xob ua tau zoo, thiab emission txo. Nrog kev nce qib nruam kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm nws cov ntawv teev cov roj, ua rau muaj kev txhim kho hauv cov roj hauv lub zog thoob ntiaj teb.