Cov Khoom Siv Raw thiab Pretreatment
Siab app raw cov ntaub ntawv yog lub hauv paus rau kev rho tawm siab siab - cov roj zoo. Roj roj tseem ceeb thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov nroj tsuag sib txawv sib txawv, yog li cov khoom lag luam tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv raws cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hom phiaj tseem ceeb roj. Piv txwv li, kom rho tawm cov roj tseem ceeb tseem ceeb, xaiv lub rose ntau yam nrog cov ntxhiab tsw muaj zog thiab cov zaub muaj roj ntau; Txhawm rau txhawm rau lavender lavender tseem ceeb roj, xaiv zoo - zus cov nroj tsuag lavender nrog lub sijhawm tsim nyog tawg paj.
Tom qab sau cov ntaub ntawv raw, pretreatment yog qhov yuav tsum tau, suav nrog kev ntxuav, thiab pulverization. Kev ntxuav tu cov impurities thiab kev paug los ntawm raw khoom saum npoo; kom qhuav txo cov khoom siv raw cov khoom siv noo noo thiab kev tiv thaiv microbial kev loj hlob thiab yooj yim txuas ntxiv. Pulverization txeej cov khoom siv raw rau hauv cov lus uas tsim nyog loj, nce thaj chaw ze nrog cov kuab tshuaj thiab kev txhim kho cov kev ua tau zoo. Feem ntau hais lus, me me cov khoom siv tawm los cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua, tab sis cov cuab yeej siv cov txheej txheem thiab tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem purverization yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab.
Kev xaiv cov kuab thiab cov sib piv
Cov kuab tshuaj uas haum yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ultrasonic tseem ceeb rau cov roj extraction. Cov kuab tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo rau solubility rau cov khoom siv roj, muaj kev phom sij uas muaj mob roj, muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tus nqi qis. Cov kuab tshuaj uas suav nrog dej, ethanol, panroleum ether, thiab n - hexane. Cov roj sib txawv tseem ceeb muaj cov roj solubility nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj sib txawv, yog li cov kuab tshuaj uas tsim nyog raws li cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm raw thiab lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb roj. Piv txwv li, rau cov roj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, xws li dej - soluble sawv daws, dej lossis ethanol tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj; Rau cov tsis yog - Cov roj tseem ceeb, tsis yog - Ncaws pob hluav taws xob xws li roj av ether thiab n - Hexane yog qhov haum ntau.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov feem sib piv ntawm cov kuab tshuaj rau cov khoom siv raw kuj cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig tau. Feem ntau hais lus, nce cov kuab tshuaj txhim kho cov roj tseem ceeb muab cov roj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis qhov no tseem nce qhov sib cais thiab kev sib cais. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua kom zoo rau cov kuab tshuaj rau raw cov ntaub ntawv piv txwv los ntawm kev sim kom txo cov nqi thaum tswj cov kev tawm tswv yim.
Ultrasonic rho kev lag luam
Cov ntaub ntawv raw ua ntej tau sib xyaw nrog cov kuab tshuaj uas tau xaiv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib piv thiab muab tso rau hauv ultrasonic extraction. Cov khoom siv rho tawm cov khoom siv feem ntau muaj cov ultrasonic, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab extraction tank. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ultrasonic tsim lub teeb hluav taws xob siab - Cov teeb hluav taws xob siab, uas hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv ultrasonic me me kev ua kua hauv lub tank rho tawm.
Thaum lub sijhawm extraction, kho kom meej ntawm cov txheej txheem ultrasonic xws li cov zaus, lub zog, thiab cov sijhawm muaj zog. Cov nroj tsuag sib txawv thiab cov hom phiaj tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj sib txawv ultrasonic. Feem ntau, cov zaus li cas los ntawm 20khz mus rau 100khz, thiab lub zog hluav taws xob los ntawm kaum tawm ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv raw. Cov sij hawm rho tawm feem ntau yog li ntawm ob peb feeb mus rau kaum feeb. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov kev ntsuas no, cov nyhuv ultrasonic tuaj yeem ua tau zoo, ua tiav cov roj extraction.
Sib cais thiab huv
Tom qab rho tawm, qhov kev sib xyaw muaj txiaj ntsig muaj cov roj tseem ceeb thiab cov kuab tshuaj, uas xav tau kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv kom tau txais cov khoom siv roj av ntshiab. Kev sib cais ua ke suav nrog kev lim dej, centrifugation, thiab distillation. Kev lim dej tshem tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov sib tov; Centrifugation siv Centrifugal quab yuam kom cais cov tshuaj sib txawv ntawm cov sib txawv, ntxiv txhim kho cov kev sib xyaw ntawm cov sib tov; Thiab distillation siv qhov sib txawv hauv cov ntsiab lus npau npau nruab nrab ntawm cov roj tseem ceeb thiab cov kuab tshuaj los ntawm cov huab cua sov thiab everorating cov roj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tseem ceeb los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tseem ceeb los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tseem ceeb los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tseem ceeb los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tseem ceeb los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj.
Cov roj tseem ceeb tau txais tom qab distillation kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj cov impurities, xws li pigments thiab odorous tshuaj, uas yuav tsum ua kom huv ntxiv. Cov hau kev purification muaj xws li adsorption, chromatography, thiab crystallization. Adsorption siv Adsorbents (xws li ua kom muaj pa roj carbon thiab silica gel) kom nqus cov impurities los ntawm cov roj tseem ceeb. Chromatography cais thiab purifies cov khoom raws li cov sib txawv ntawm cov kev faib coefficients ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv ntawm cov theem sib txawv ntawm cov ntu thiab cov theem mobile. Crystallization purifies cov roj tseem ceeb los tswj qhov kub thiab txias, conctrtration, thiab lwm yam kev mob kom crystallize lub hom phiaj.





